The condensed dose of life lessons, from overcoming
addiction to staying cool in conflicts, is a significant departure
from the lock-'em-up trends of the past two decades.
The county will join a growing number of regions in the Bay
Area and across the country that now reject incarcerating
kids for minor offenses such as drug use and petty theft.
Convinced that juvenile halls increase delinquency, counties
such as San Francisco and Santa Cruz already have turned to
so-called ``evening reporting centers,'' short-term, intensive
treatment alternatives that fill the late afternoon and evening
when youth crime typically peaks.
Well-supported programs
So far, the Bay Area numbers served are small, but the programs
are supported by prosecutors, police and probation officers
responsible for keeping the public safe.
Amelia, 17, is among the reasons why. She went to the San
Francisco center after spending a month in juvenile hall for
running away and using drugs while on probation.
``In the beginning I was like, man, forget that. Five days
a week and all those hours,'' she said. But she quickly made
friends, learned to communicate better, improved her grades
and enjoyed ``losing all those distractions.''
``It kept me on track,'' Amelia said.
Across the country, young people like Amelia are routinely
sent to juvenile halls for relatively minor misbehavior, such
as violating probation by missing curfew or cutting class.
Inside, low-level offenders often take crash courses from
their more hardened peers.
According to the non-profit Annie E. Casey Foundation, which
is helping establish detention alternatives nationwide, time
served in lock-up is a stronger predictor for future criminality
than gang affiliation, possession of a weapon or dysfunctional
family background.
Evening reporting centers opened two months ago in Watsonville
and 15 months ago in San Francisco. Santa Clara County officials
expect to open a center in East San Jose in January.
Ventura County and Washington, Illinois, New Mexico, Delaware
and Maryland also operate or plan to open similar centers.
Ten years after Cook County, Ill., opened the nation's first
reporting center of this type, as many as 98 percent of the
participants reach their first court date crime-free.
Incarceration down
Mike Rohan, Cook County's director of juvenile probation,
said the center is the central reason for a 45 percent reduction
in the number of young people sent to Illinois state correctional
facilities in the past decade.
Intensive, short-term programs are also cost-effective, supporters
say. Santa Clara County's center will serve 200 juveniles
a year at a cost of $62 a day each, compared with $230 in
the juvenile hall.
At the 2-month-old Luna Evening Center in Watsonville, up
to 10 youths meet in a storefront fixed up like a family living
room. They get rides to and from the center, so there is no
excuse for not showing up.
Words of wisdom
There are meditation circles, yoga classes and community
gardening excursions. Teens at the Luna Center join counselors
for home-style meals, sharing what they are thankful for and
practicing table manners. But they also learn about what lies
ahead if they fail to change their behavior. Former gang members
and experts in ``three strikes'' laws are among those leading
daily sessions.
Judy Mitchell's 17-year-old son spent May in the Luna Center
on a graffiti charge. Diagnosed with a range of mental disorders,
the teen has been in and out of juvenile hall 10 times since
age 14.
But this time, he learned something other than how to commit
his next crime, she said.
``It wasn't until he got into juvenile hall the first time
that he learned about drugs, gangs and violence,'' Mitchell
said. ``It made him the boy he is today.''
San Francisco runs centers for groups of five boys and five
girls. In its first six months, almost 90 percent of participants
made their court dates with no new charges.
Santa Clara County justice officials and community leaders
have met for the past three years to reduce the numbers of
incarcerated youths. The county is one of 50 receiving consultants
and financial support from the Casey Foundation, with the
evening reporting center as a central goal.
Planning involved ``heavy, painful, really heated discussions,''
said public defender and center designer Sylvia Perez. ``In
our county there is still a culture that punitive sanctions
are effective, when research around the country states the
opposite.''
Almost one quarter of the 878 juveniles brought into custody
in the first three months of this year were probation violators,
the overwhelming majority African-American or Latino.
Santa Clara County's evening reporting center will mark a
historic shift away from the punitive approach, Perez said.
The center will serve 24 youths at a time, ages 14 to 17.
Eligible teens will have violated probation, failed an electronic
home monitoring program, or been arrested for a new, minor
crime.
Life skills taught
Between 3 and 9 p.m., participants will attend life skills
classes and get help looking for jobs, with the primary goal
of changing negative behavior. Youths will discuss poor decisions
they've made, using role-playing to discover better options.
They'll see worlds outside their gang-infested neighborhoods,
joining hikes and trips to art museums.
Perez said the center is an important first step.
``We need to stop locking up kids if we really want to rehabilitate
them,'' she said. ``We can't achieve community safety if we
don't change the way these kids think, and help them.''
Contact Karen de Sá at (650) 688-7587 or kdesa@mercurynews.com
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